Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells Running head: Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential nonhematopoietic progenitor cells capable of differentiating into multiple lineages of the mesenchyme. MSCs have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for tissue regeneration and repair. Further clinical interest has been raised by the observation that MSCs are immunoprivileged and, more importantly, display immunomodulatory capacities. Although the mechanism underlying the immunosuppressive effects of MSCs have not been clearly defined, their immunosuppressive properties have already been exploited in the clinical setting. The aim of this review is to critically discuss the immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, both invitro and in-vivo, the possible underlying mechanisms, the potential clinical use of MSCs as modulators of immune responses in-vivo, and to indicate clinical safety concerns and recommendations for future research. For personal use only. on November 16, 2017. by guest www.bloodjournal.org From